Optimizing Pharmacokinetics and Pharmacodynamics of Respiratory Medications in ICU Patients: A Multidisciplinary Approach to Enhancing Patient Outcomes

Authors: Jehan H. Ben Hyzaam, Alaa M. Alsayyari, Alaa S. Aleiid, Mansour Alotaibi, Ali O. Alessa, Amal T. Alenazi, Nujud K. Hajij, Rayan D. Alotaibi, Hala H. Almutairi, Ranya F. Arab, Waleed A Alrogy

DOI: https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13879431

Short DOI: https://doi.org/g6k9v4

Country: Saudi Arabia

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Abstract: Background: Optimizing the pharmacokinetics (PK) and pharmacodynamics (PD) of respiratory medications in critically ill ICU patients is essential for improving therapeutic efficacy and minimizing complications. This study investigates the impact of a multidisciplinary approach involving respiratory therapists (RTs), pharmacists, and laboratory specialists (LS) in managing bronchodilators, corticosteroids, and antibiotics in ICU patients.

Methods: A retrospective cohort study was conducted on 200 ICU patients in a tertiary hospital. The interdisciplinary care group received personalized medication dosing based on PK/PD data, while the traditional care group followed standard protocols. Primary outcomes included drug dosing optimization, therapeutic efficacy, and adverse drug reactions. Secondary outcomes included ICU length of stay, duration of mechanical ventilation, and ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP) incidence.

Results: The interdisciplinary care group showed significantly higher rates of drug dose optimization (84% vs. 59%, p < 0.001) and better therapeutic efficacy, with improved infection resolution (68% vs. 48%, p = 0.012) and oxygenation (PaO₂/FiO₂ improvement: 72% vs. 53%, p = 0.022). Adverse drug reactions were lower in the interdisciplinary group (10% vs. 18%, p = 0.048). ICU stay and mechanical ventilation duration were significantly shorter, and VAP incidence was lower in the interdisciplinary group (9% vs. 17%, p = 0.034).

Conclusion: A multidisciplinary approach to optimizing PK/PD of respiratory medications improves therapeutic outcomes, reduces complications, and enhances patient recovery in ICU settings. This highlights the importance of interdisciplinary collaboration in managing critically ill patients

Keywords: Pharmacokinetics, pharmacodynamics, respiratory medications, ICU, multidisciplinary care, ventilator-associated pneumonia, drug dosing optimization

Paper Id: 231276

Published On: 2021-06-03

Published In: Volume 9, Issue 3, May-June 2021

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