Scalability and Performance Challenges in Full-Stack Applications

Authors: Rohit Reddy Chananagari Prabhakar

DOI: https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14535744

Short DOI: https://doi.org/g8wjq7

Country: USA

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Abstract: Full-stack applications are integral to modern web services, combining front-end and back-end development to deliver seamless, interactive user experiences. This unification of layers enables developers to iterate and deploy functionalities that respond to users’ rapid needs while maintaining consistent performance and reliability. Industry giants like Amazon rely on robust full-stack applications to synchronise user interfaces with complex backend operations, such as real-time inventory updates and secure transaction processing, even under significant spikes in traffic [1]. Similarly, Netflix exemplifies the power of scalable full-stack systems by concurrently using server-side optimizations and front-end adaptive streaming algorithms to deliver seamless video playback, personalized content recommendations, and low-latency user interactions to millions of global viewers [2]. However, as these applications become more complex, ensuring they scale efficiently and maintain optimal performance becomes a core challenge.
This paper explores critical scalability and performance challenges inherent in full-stack applications. It provides a holistic view of the issues faced at the front-end, back-end, and database layers. We delve into database bottlenecks, load balancing strategies, microservices adoption, session handling, and the role of distributed caching. Additionally, the paper examines the impact of network latency and geographic distribution on application responsiveness. Through best practices, architectural patterns, and emerging technologies, we aim to offer comprehensive insights and actionable strategies to overcome these challenges and build resilient, high-performance, full-stack systems.

Keywords: Full-stack applications, Scalability, Performance optimization, Front-end challenges, Back-end challenges, Database bottlenecks, Load balancing, Network latency, Microservices architecture, State management, Session handling, Vertical scaling, Horizontal scaling, Data caching, Content Delivery Networks (CDNs), API latency, HTTP/HTTPS optimization, Distributed systems, NoSQL databases

Paper Id: 231882

Published On: 2020-01-06

Published In: Volume 8, Issue 1, January-February 2020

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